Guidance summary
Do not assume an empty combination stops more easily
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An empty or lightly loaded combination can lose wheel grip under harsh braking. Trailer-wheel locking can produce trailer swing; loss of tractor stability can cause a jack-knife. ABS helps but does not remove the need to anticipate, leave space and brake smoothly. This is a loading and traction principle, not a guarantee that every empty vehicle has the same stopping distance or a US road-rule instruction.
Source: Do not assume an empty combination stops more easily
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